Module+10

Standards: The student will demonstrate an understanding of chemical reactions and the classifications, structures, and properties of chemical compounds.
 * Module 10 – Ionic Compounds (lens: Attraction) **
 * CAd: Structure and Properties of Matter **

Indicators: CAd.3 Illustrate the fact that ions attract ions of opposite charge from all directions and form crystal lattices. CAd.4 Classify compounds as crystalline (containing ionic bonds) or molecular (containing covalent bonds) based on whether their outer electrons are transferred or shared. CAd.11 Illustrate the uses of electrochemistry as they apply to solutions. Organization Structure Balance Force Essential Understandings: Force of attraction between atoms achieves charge balance. Structure and organization creates stability.
 * Concepts**:

The student will demonstrate an understanding of chemical reactions and the classifications, structures, and properties of chemical compounds.
 * M10 Lesson 1 **
 * CAd: Structure and Properties of Matter **

Indicators: CAd.3 Illustrate the fact that ions attract ions of opposite charge from all directions and form crystal lattices. CAd.4 Classify compounds as crystalline (containing ionic bonds) or molecular (containing covalent bonds) based on whether their outer electrons are transferred or shared.

· What holds atoms together in compounds or molecules? · What evidence is there for this force of attraction as it relates to melting point? Forces** Force of attraction amoung opposite charges. Force of repulsion amoung like charges. Polar substance interparticle attractions. Differentiation of motion in molecules and ionic substances.
 * Guiding Questions L1 **
 * Topics & Facts
 * Movement**

Inquiry lab explores the ability of substances to charge (macro scale) for example clear tape. Static charge. Students have several strips of tape that have been put together and pulled apart producing a charge. They test the oppositely charged tape strips for attraction and repulsion with several other substances such as paper, aluminum foil. The relative attraction and repulsion of the items should give the beginnings of the idea of transfer of charge in some substances and fixed charges in others.
 * Laboratory/Activity **

N/A Formative assessment:** Differentiated Instruction**
 * Resources:
 * Compare and contrast the charges and relative movement of the nucleus and electrons.

The student will demonstrate an understanding of chemical reactions and the classifications, structures, and properties of chemical compounds.
 * M10 Lesson 2 **
 * CAd: Structure and Properties of Matter **

Indicators: CAd.3 Illustrate the fact that ions attract ions of opposite charge from all directions and form crystal lattices. CAd.4 Classify compounds as crystalline (containing ionic bonds) or molecular (containing covalent bonds) based on whether their outer electrons are transferred or shared.

1. Why do atoms gain or lose electrons, and where do those electrons go? 2. How do two or more charged particles produce a compound that is neutrally charged? Ionic Bonds Transfers of electrons create ionic bonds. Cations and anion electrostatic attraction. Electrons are not shared in ionic bonds. Students should already have a background in the structure of atom. Students should know that protons(+) equal electrons (-) in an atom. This lesson should build on the inquiry activity from lesson 1 and the reality that negative particles can move from one substance to the other giving one a net negative charge. The same idea is used in this lesson to understand the transfer of particles. This is the basis for production of ions. The balance of charge in ionic bonds is a result of this transfer of electrons which makes the compound neutral. This should be a lesson that has students determining the charge atoms receive through drawing a neutral atom in an electron dot diagram and it adding or gaining electrons to have noble gas configuration. So, students show the difference through Lewis diagrams.
 * Guiding Questions L2 **
 * Topics & Facts **
 * Laboratory/Activities **

N/A Formative Assessment Differentiated Instruction**
 * Resources

The student will demonstrate an understanding of chemical reactions and the classifications, structures, and properties of chemical compounds.
 * M 10 Lesson 3 **
 * CAd: Structure and Properties of Matter **

Indicators: CAd.3 Illustrate the fact that ions attract ions of opposite charge from all directions and form crystal lattices. CAd.4 Classify compounds as crystalline (containing ionic bonds) or molecular (containing covalent bonds) based on whether their outer electrons are transferred or shared.

· How is the criss-cross method utilized in deriving the correct formula for an ionic compound? (please provide examples in your response) · How can you determine from the name or formula of a substance whether that substance is ionic or molecular? **Types of compounds** Ionic compunds result from a transfer of electrons. Molecules result from sharing electrons. Nomenclature of ionic substances. Nomenclature of molecules.
 * Guiding Questions L3 **
 * Topics & Facts **
 * Naming Rules**

In this lesson students learn formula writing of ionic substances and nomenclature. Learn the difference between ionic and covalent bonds using metals and nonmetal definitions. N/A Formative Assessment** Apply knowledge learned in this lesson to determine the formula of ionic and molecular substances when given their names, also state the names given the ionic or molecular substance.
 * Laboratory/Activities **
 * Resources


 * Differentiated Instruction**

The student will demonstrate an understanding of chemical reactions and the classifications, structures, and properties of chemical compounds.
 * M10 Lesson 4 **
 * CAd: Structure and Properties of Matter **

Indicators: CAd.3 Illustrate the fact that ions attract ions of opposite charge from all directions and form crystal lattices. CAd.4 Classify compounds as crystalline (containing ionic bonds) or molecular (containing covalent bonds) based on whether their outer electrons are transferred or shared.

· What holds two molecules or compounds of the same substance together? · Why are intermolecular forces stronger in ionic compounds than in molecular substances? List the types of IMFs (intermolecular forces). Different strength of attraction in the IMFs. How IMFs relate to physical properties. Ionic and Covalent This discussion should be around boiling points, melting points and physical properties that compare properties of covalent and ionic substances. Polarity of substances is what holds one molecule to another molecule. Focus on the intermolecular force of substances without naming but, with discussion just around the relative strength of the force of attraction. Compare the state of molecules when water is boiling to the amount of kinetic energy the molecules have in each state (liquid and gas). N/A Formative Assessment Differentiated Instruction** Allow the students the opportunity to relate intermolecular forces using a metaphor, illustration, poem, etc... which makes sense to them.
 * Guiding Questions L4 **
 * Topics and Facts **
 * Intermolecular forces**
 * Types of Bonds**
 * Laboratory/Activity**
 * Formative assessment:**
 * Resources

The student will demonstrate an understanding of chemical reactions and the classifications, structures, and properties of chemical compounds.
 * M10 Lesson 5 **
 * CAd: Structure and Properties of Matter **

Indicators: CAd.3 Illustrate the fact that ions attract ions of opposite charge from all directions and form crystal lattices. CAd.4 Classify compounds as crystalline (containing ionic bonds) or molecular (containing covalent bonds) based on whether their outer electrons are transferred or shared. CAd.11 Illustrate the uses of electrochemistry as they apply to solutions.

· What distinguishes ionic from molecular or atomic solids in terms of particle arrangement? · What distinguishes ionic substances from molecular substances in aqueous solutions? Structure** Particle arrangement in ionic and molecular substances. How electron sharing or transfer relates to structure. Characteristic properties such as hardness, electrical conductivity, and melting point as they relate to ionic sibstances. Inquiry w/discussion after testing for different observable, compare/contrast of characteristic properties, ie volatility, hardness, conductivity, solubility in polar/non-polar solvents -- connect to structure of covalent/ionic substances, bonding.
 * Guiding Questions L5 **
 * Topics & Facts
 * Properties**
 * Laboratory **

N/A**
 * Resources

Differentiate between organic and inorganic compounds. (Analysis)
 * Formative Assessment:**


 * Differentiated Instructional Recommendations**


 * Module Resources**

Students need a laboratory notebook to record the lab procedures, data, processing of data, graphics, conclusions, evaluation of all activities and laboratories. This may be virtual or paper and pencil but, needs to have structure, function and flexibility of a paper and pencil laboratory notebook and must be something that students can keep in a separate file from the course. This should become a reference resource for procedures and past learning.